近年来“一带一路”倡议成果斐然，也令不少西方政客犯上了“红眼病”。在当地时间5月16日上午，美国众议院臭名昭著的“中国问题特设委员会”又召开了一场听证会，寻求对抗“一带一路”倡议的影响力。         A Chinese J-16 fighter Photo: VCGChinese state media on Monday released footage from the first day of flight training held Saturday during the China-Egypt Eagles of Civilization 2026 joint training exercise, showing PLA J-16s engaging in air combat drills against Egyptian MiG-29 and Rafale fighters. A Chinese expert said this is the first joint exercise featuring both the J-16 and the Rafale, reflecting strong mutual trust and a high level of coordination between the two air forces.
The first day's training focused on one-on-one air combat between different aircraft types. As fighters from both air forces took off in succession, pilots engaged in intense confrontations under realistic combat scenarios, the CCTV News military channel reported.
Before the flight training, Chinese and Egyptian pilots delivered briefings on their respective aircraft capabilities. The two sides then held in-depth discussions on the exercise subjects, clarifying flight safety rules, airspace regulations, takeoff and landing procedures and emergency response plans, said the report.
"The China-Egypt joint air training is progressing from basic one-on-one and two-on-two air combat to more systematic joint operations. As mutual understanding between pilots grows, they can more effectively exchange tactical concepts and operational techniques, which helps enhance the technical and tactical proficiency of both sides," Shen Hao, a member of a PLA Air Force unit, was quoted as saying by the PLA Air Force in a press release on Monday.
Egypt's Ministry of Defense spokesperson posted on social media platform X on Saturday that the joint training between China and Egypt had commenced, releasing images of the participating aircraft - Egypt's MiG-29 and Rafale fighters, and China's J-16 fighter.
    An Egyptian MiG-29 fighter (above) and a Rafale fighter Photo: X account of Egypt's Ministry of Defense spokesperson CCTV footage on Monday also showed the three aircraft types in action.
Wang Yanan, editor-in-chief of the Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told the Global Times on Monday that this joint exercise marks the first time China has deployed the J-16 and the first time Egypt's Rafale fighters have participated, a development worth noting. It reflects a relatively high level of mutual trust between the two militaries and a substantial standard of joint training.
Apart from the French military, India and Egypt are some of its main users. This presents a rare opportunity for China to gain familiarity with the Rafale in a joint training setting. As a flagship product of Dassault Aviation, the Rafale represents a major design philosophy of advanced European aerospace equipment, Wang said.
Although the J-16, deployed by China for this long-range training mission in Egypt, evolved from the original Soviet-era platform, it has been completely transformed and now plays a key role within China's aviation system. Capable of carrying a variety of munitions, it can perform electronic warfare, ground strikes and long-range air-to-air combat, making it a highly versatile platform, Wang explained.
Song Zhongping, a Chinese military affairs expert, told the Global Times previously that the J-16 heavy fighter jets' first participation in the China-Egypt joint air force training exercise marks an upgrade from 2025's deployment of medium-sized J-10Cs in the drill, reflecting broader and more advanced overseas training by the PLA Air Force.
The two aircraft belong to the same generation, but the Rafale's overall combat capabilities may not be as comprehensive as those of the J-16, which has been continuously upgraded as part of China's aviation system development, Wang said.
Wang noted that the main objectives are to enhance mutual trust and familiarity with each other's equipment, understanding flight performance, medium- and close-range maneuverability and basic weapon configurations.
Moreover, as the Rafale is also deployed in countries neighboring China, understanding its performance characteristics through joint training holds practical significance for the country, Wang added.
"The Egyptian pilots' rigorous training discipline, close coordination and solid technical skills left a deep impression on us. Through mutual learning and close exchanges during the exercise, we not only strengthened our bonds but also improved our technical and tactical capabilities together. Joint training with foreign forces has provided a valuable platform for our pilots to sharpen their skills," Ning Yiming, a member of a PLA Air Force unit, was quoted by the PLA Air Force as saying.
The opening ceremony of the joint training was held on Friday. Commanders from both sides delivered speeches, reviewing the history of air force exchanges between the two countries and the achievements of the first joint exercise in 2025. They outlined the objectives of this year's training and expressed hopes that participating personnel would seize the opportunity to learn from each other, build mutual trust and carry forward their traditional friendship, PLA Air Force said.
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在这场以“条条大路通北京？中国的全球发展攻势”为主题的听证会上，作为证人参会的美国智库战略与国际研究中心（CSIS）高级副总裁丹尼尔·伦德（Daniel Runde）坦言，他“讨厌”中国的“一带一路”倡议，因为这是一个绝妙的构想，可它并非出自美国之手。

根据CSIS网站发布的证词，伦德将中国视作与美国具有“近乎同等硬实力和软实力的竞争对手”。他认为，中国能够而且愿意以15年前无法做到的方式填补美国留下的任何空白，比如疫苗、电信、海底电缆、港口、道路、多边体系中的领导地位或许多其他非军事领域。中国不仅可以在这些软实力领域与美国匹敌，有时甚至可以提供更好的东西。

伦德担心，如果美国不能满足发展中国家的希望和愿望，发展中国家就会转向中国，因此美国必须提供（或启用）替代方案。他称，美国必须制定一项战略对抗中国“一带一路”倡议的影响力，推进对中国具有比较优势的领域，同时重点关注对美国经济和国家安全利益至关重要的地区。

“中国问题特设委员会”发布的视频显示，伦德在听证会上说：“在大国竞争时代，我们不应要求发展中国家停止与中国的合作，而是要寻找到一种替代方案，可我们不能赤手空拳地去战斗，我们能拿出什么战略，这就是问题所在。

B | ”

“中国问题特设委员会”民主党领袖拉贾·克里希纳莫西主持听证会

他同时表示，美国必须面对一些残酷的现实，中国是发展中国家更好的基础设施建设者和投资伙伴。“贸易关系会对基础设施合作造成影响，如果你的第一大贸易伙伴是中国，那么基础设施合作也会更青睐中国。”

伦德感慨，“在理想情况下，我们会一如25年前那样在贸易领域引领世界。遗憾的是，‘一带一路’是一项雄心勃勃而且充满希望的项目，它符合中国的朋友和潜在朋友们的愿望”。

2023年5月22日，印度尼西亚雅万高铁开始联调联试/IC Photo

他称，在全球范围内，美国已尝试用多种手段应对这一挑战，尽管美国国会和总统拜登都采取了相关行动，但美国还需要做得更多，以提高自身软实力。

为此，伦德还抛出了“投入更多对外援助资金”“加强美国发展机构”“优先考虑创新”“建立私营部门联盟”等策略，试图帮助美国对抗“一带一路”日益增强的影响力。

随着中国“一带一路”倡议受到越来越多国家的欢迎，美欧都曾采取过行动，推出被视作抗衡“一带一路”影响力的方案。

例如2021年12月1日，欧盟正式公布“全球门户”计划，预计将在2027年前投入3000亿欧元，协助发展中国家兴建基础设施，但至今乏善可陈，在具体项目落实上缺乏进展。

C | 去年9月，美国、印度、沙特阿拉伯、欧盟在二十国集团（G20）峰会场边签署谅解备忘录，宣布将建设“印度－中东－欧洲经济走廊”（IMEC），也被外媒视作意在对抗“一带一路”，但考虑到参与方在线路规划等领域存在的分歧，分析人士并不看好它的前景。

英国《金融时报》5月12日报道，欧盟国际伙伴事务委员尤塔·乌尔皮莱宁（Jutta Urpilainen）表示，中国在向全球南方国家提供基础设施投资上表现得更加灵活，而欧盟的融资往往附带冗杂的环境和社会条件，这使得欧盟的“全球门户”计划难以抗衡中国的“一带一路”倡议。

D |

中国外交部发言人汪文斌在回应有关基建倡议的问题时曾表示，中方认为全球基础设施领域的合作空间广阔，各类相关倡议不存在相互抗衡或者是彼此取代的问题。世界需要的是搭桥，而不是拆桥；是互联互通，而不是脱钩筑墙；是互利共赢，而不是封闭排他。中方欢迎一切有助于汇聚合力，促进全球基础设施建设的倡议。任何打着基础设施建设旗号，推进地缘政治的算计都不受欢迎，也不会得逞。

E |